1. 理解案例，发现可用表达
10+2+3 分钟
开始这次练习 →UNIT 01 · B2 · Vantage · PART 2
团队合作：让交接有着落
说清这个团队最该先改什么，用两个理由支撑，再接住一个追问。
开始／继续七步练习45 分钟，可分次学习
把完整课程拆成三次聚焦练习
每次预留15分钟：核心任务 + 一个微练习 + 最多5张到期复习卡。完整阅读、更多跟说和重录另计时间。
STEP 1 · 3 分钟
理解情境
You work with sales and operations on a client proposal. The manager asks what matters most when building an effective team. Use the fictional case below to make a recommendation.
你与销售、运营同事一起准备客户方案。经理问：打造高效团队，最重要的是什么？请根据下面的虚构案例提出建议。
这次讨论，你已经知道什么
Sales knows the client; operations knows delivery. Both skills are needed.
销售了解客户，运营了解交付，两种能力都需要。
On Tuesday, two colleagues prepared the same price report. Neither checked the delivery date.
周二，两位同事重复做了价格报告，却没有人确认交付日期。
The proposal is due on Friday. The manager can assign an owner and a check-in time for each handoff.
方案周五到期。经理可以为每次交接指定负责人和确认时间。
用生活经验理解
When recommending a restaurant, you name your choice, explain why it suits the person and give a concrete example. A business recommendation needs the same connection.
向朋友推荐餐厅时，你会先说选哪家，再解释为什么适合他，并给一个具体例子。商务建议也需要这条线。
先想一想
Which problem should the team fix first: missing skills or unclear ownership? Point to one fact above.
这个团队应先解决能力不足，还是责任不清？从上面找一个事实支持你的判断。
本课先利用页面证据建立理由，不需要编造自己的工作经历。这是课堂练习限制，不是考试禁止使用个人经验。
进入可保存的练习 →STEP 2 · 10 分钟
从熟悉的说法到新词块
从你会的说法出发，听两遍、跟说两遍，再看它怎样解释案例。简单说法同样正确，选最能表达你意思的词。
01 · 从熟悉到新表达
work togetherpull together
齐心协力
When deadlines are tight, the team needs to pull together.
截止日期临近时，团队需要齐心协力。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
This describes cooperation; it does not specify who owns a task.
它描述合作状态；说完仍需要交代谁负责哪件事。
02 · 从熟悉到新表达
use what someone does wellplay to someone's strengths
发挥某人的长处
Assigning delivery checks to operations plays to their strengths.
把交付确认交给运营，能发挥他们的长处。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
Use strengths for abilities; a shared goal is the result people want.
strengths 指能力；shared goal 指大家想实现的结果。
03 · 从熟悉到新表达
clear jobs for each persona clear division of labour
明确分工
A clear division of labour prevents two people from writing the same report.
明确分工能避免两人重复写同一份报告。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
Division of labour describes how work is shared, not how people are ranked.
它说的是怎样分配工作，不是给成员排高低。
04 · 从熟悉到新表达
make sure we understand the same thingget on the same page
对目标或安排形成共同理解
Let's get on the same page about who checks the delivery date.
我们先确认好由谁核对交付日期。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
It is often about shared understanding, not agreement with every opinion.
通常强调理解一致，不等于赞成对方所有观点。
05 · 从熟悉到新表达
check that we do what we agreedhold each other accountable
相互确认承诺是否兑现
We hold each other accountable for the handoffs we agree on.
我们相互确认约定好的交接是否完成。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
Responsible for = has the task; accountable for = answerable for the result. They overlap, but are not always interchangeable.
responsible for 偏负责做某事；accountable for 偏需要对结果作出说明。两者相关，但并非处处可以替换。
06 · 从熟悉到新表达
a result we all wanta shared goal
共同目标
Our shared goal is to send an accurate proposal by Friday.
我们的共同目标是在周五前发出准确的方案。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
Name the result and date so that the goal is concrete.
说出结果和时间，目标才具体。
07 · 从熟悉到新表达
use different ideas and experiencesdraw on diverse perspectives
利用不同经验和视角
We can draw on diverse perspectives by asking sales and operations to review the plan.
让销售和运营一起审核方案，可以用上不同的经验和视角。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
A more formal business phrase. “Use different perspectives” is equally acceptable and often clearer.
这是较正式的商务表达。“Use different perspectives” 也完全可以，而且常更清楚。
08 · 从熟悉到新表达
do what you promisedfollow through on commitments
把承诺落实到底
Trust grows when people follow through on their commitments.
大家说到做到，信任就会增加。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
Follow through on a commitment; follow up with a person to check progress.
follow through on 后接承诺；follow up with 后接要联系的人。
09 · 从熟悉到新表达
Work can get stuck when it moves between people.Bottlenecks often appear at handoffs.
工作瓶颈常出现在交接处
Bottlenecks often appear at handoffs, so each handoff needs an owner.
工作常卡在交接处，所以每次交接都需要负责人。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
A bottleneck slows the flow of work; a handoff is the transfer itself.
bottleneck 是阻碍工作推进的环节；handoff 是交接这个动作。
10 · 从熟悉到新表达
That is the point where the plan stops working.That's where things fall apart.
问题往往就出在这个环节
Nobody owns the final check. That's where things fall apart.
没人负责最后的检查。问题就出在这个环节。
什么时候用？有什么区别？
Point back to a specific weakness. The phrase is stronger than “there is a small problem”.
先明确指哪个薄弱环节；这句话比“有个小问题”语气更重。
STEP 3 · 5 分钟
形成有依据的观点
下面是三条可以发展的思路。先选一个，再沿着“主张—理由—例子—边界”把它想清楚。
先看能力
Complementary skills matter more than individual stars.
互补能力比每个人单独出色更重要。
- 为什么
Sales and operations bring different knowledge.
销售与运营掌握不同信息。
- 具体怎么体现
A delivery specialist can spot a promise the sales team cannot fulfil.
交付人员能发现销售无法兑现的承诺。
- 还要考虑
Both skills are already present here; hiring alone will not fix the missed check.
本案例已有两种能力，仅靠招人解决不了漏查。
先理清责任
Clear roles should come first for this team.
对这个团队来说，应先明确责任。
- 为什么
The duplicated report and missed check show an ownership gap.
重复报告与漏查说明责任分配有空缺。
- 具体怎么体现
Name one person to check the delivery date and another to prepare the prices.
指定一人确认交付日期，另一人准备价格。
- 还要考虑
Roles need a short check-in so people can raise problems.
还需要简短确认，让成员有机会提出问题。
目标与兑现承诺
A shared goal works only when people follow through.
共同目标要靠兑现承诺才能发挥作用。
- 为什么
Everyone needs to know what must reach the client on Friday.
每个人都应知道周五要向客户交付什么。
- 具体怎么体现
At a check-in, each owner confirms what is ready and what is blocked.
确认进度时，每位负责人说清已完成什么、卡在哪里。
- 还要考虑
A shared goal is too vague unless the individual tasks are clear.
如果个人任务不清，共同目标仍会很空泛。
STEP 4 · 5 分钟
把想法连成一条线
| 作用 | 可以这样说 | 本案例的例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 说出优先项 | The main priority is… | The main priority is clear ownership. |
| 解释原因 | because… | Clear roles matter because one check was missed. |
| 用具体事实支撑 | For example,… | For example, two colleagues wrote the same report. |
| 说明影响 | That means… | That means less time for checking delivery. |
| 承认另一个因素 | However,… | However, complementary skills still matter. |
| 落到下一步 | So I would… | So I would name an owner for each handoff. |
立场
这个团队应先改什么？
Clear roles should come first.
理由一＋证据
把一个具体问题连到建议上。
Two people wrote the same report because ownership was unclear.
理由二＋权衡
说明建议怎样起作用，也承认能力的重要性。
People can use their strengths, although the team still needs the right skills.
收尾与行动
给经理一个能执行的动作。
Assign an owner and a check-in time to each handoff.
框架帮助听者理解你的思路；不必机械凑齐连接词，也不需要把每个句子背下来。
进入可保存的练习 →STEP 5 · 7 分钟
有提示地开口
先看提示，再把空缺内容说出来。卡住时打开一个示范，换自己的信息重说。
The first thing I would change is ___ because ___.
选一个优先项，并联系到交付日期漏查。
需要一个示范
The first thing I would change is the division of labour because nobody checked the delivery date.
For example, ___, which meant ___.
用重复报告作为事实依据。
需要一个示范
For example, two colleagues prepared the same report, which meant that their effort was duplicated.
___ still matters, but ___.
承认能力重要，同时保留自己的重点。
需要一个示范
Choosing people with complementary skills still matters, but this team needs clearer roles first.
So I would ask ___ to ___ by ___.
提出一个分工建议，不要把建议说成已发生的事实。
需要一个示范
So I would ask operations to confirm the delivery date by Thursday.
STEP 6 · 5 分钟
换成自己的话
Without reading the model, recommend one change in 20–30 seconds. Use one fact from this case and explain its consequence. You may use simpler words.
不看范文，用 20–30 秒提出一个改变。引用本案例一个事实，并说出它造成的影响。可以用简单词。
回听时留意
- 我说清了一个优先项。
- 我的理由对应案例中的事实。
- 我解释了改变会改善什么。
忘了案例？只看事实提示
- 销售了解客户，运营了解交付，两种能力都需要。
- 周二，两位同事重复做了价格报告，却没有人确认交付日期。
- 方案周五到期。经理可以为每次交接指定负责人和确认时间。
STEP 7 · 10 分钟
计时挑战与回听
Part 2 · VantageRecommend how sales and operations should share roles when preparing the client proposal in this case.
建议本案例中销售与运营如何分工，完成客户方案。
Choosing team members
选择团队成员
Defining roles and responsibilities
明确角色与责任
本课练一个指定主题：准备 60 秒、陈述 60 秒，然后练追问。完整的三选一练习在题库中。
Vantage：考官会就同伴的陈述向你提问。这里的追问用来练习相关回应。
完成尝试后，再看范文与解析 · 139 词
For this team, I would put clear roles and responsibilities first. Both sales and operations have useful skills, but the work is getting lost between them. On Tuesday, two colleagues prepared the same price report while nobody checked the delivery date. A clear division of labour would prevent that duplication and make each handoff easier to track. It would also help people play to their strengths: sales could focus on the client, while operations checked what we could deliver. Choosing team members still matters, of course. We need complementary skills, not just people who think alike. However, those skills are already present in this case. So my first step would be to agree who owns each task and when they will report back. That gives the team a shared goal and a practical way to follow through on it.
对这个团队来说，我会把明确角色与责任放在第一位。销售和运营都有所长，但工作在两者之间的交接中出了问题。周二，两位同事重复准备价格报告，却没人确认交付日期。明确分工可以避免重复劳动，也让每次交接更容易跟踪。这样还可以发挥各自长处：销售专注客户，运营确认能交付什么。当然，选人也重要。我们需要能力互补，而不是想法完全相同的人。不过，这个案例中需要的能力已经具备了。因此，我会先约定每件事由谁负责、何时反馈。这既给团队一个共同目标，也提供了兑现承诺的具体办法。
范文用于学习组织思路，不是要求逐字背诵。词数是内容包的编辑标准；不代表所有人都能自然地在一分钟内读完。计时不足时，保留主张和最有力的理由。
Grammar and Vocabulary
because、while、who 把动作、理由和责任连接起来。
下一次可以试试：先用自己能掌握的结构；句子长不等于分数高。
Discourse Management
建议由案例事实、影响及下一步构成。
下一次可以试试：回听时检查例子与主张之间是否连得上。
Pronunciation
文字范文无法证明发音表现。
下一次可以试试：比较选项时，可以突出 same report、nobody、first。
Interactive Communication
追问回答直接比较了责任和能力。
下一次可以试试：先回应对方的问题，再补一个理由。
以上为教学观察，不是考官认证，也不推算正式成绩。
接住追问
Why do you think clear roles matter more than skills here?
利用证据比较两个因素，不必重复整段发言。
一个可能的回答
The team already has sales and delivery knowledge. The missed check suggests that ownership, rather than a lack of skills, is the immediate problem.
纠错、表达选择与练习策略
只有“语言错误”必须修正；“表达升级”提供更贴合当前情境的选择；“练习策略”帮助组织回答。简单而正确的句子不必为了“高级”而改写。
语言错误 Each team member have a clear role.
Each team member has a clear role.
each 后是单数名词，谓语用 has。
语言错误 We need to discuss about the handoff.
We need to discuss the handoff.
discuss 直接接宾语；talk about 才需要 about。
语言错误 She is responsible to checking the dates.
She is responsible for checking the dates.
使用 responsible for＋名词或动词 -ing 形式。
表达升级 Teamwork is important.
This team needs a clear division of labour because two people wrote the same report while nobody checked delivery.
原句语法正确。改写指出这个团队的具体问题，并把它连到行动；important本身不是错误的词。
练习策略 List several qualities of a good team without linking them to the case.
Choose one priority, use the missed check as evidence and explain how your recommendation would help.
这个练习策略让理由更清楚。只要有依据，也可以选择不同优先项；必须把某个指定因素排第一不是官方通过条件。
三次微练习的内容
1. 这个团队应先明确什么？为什么？用20秒给出一个建议。
尝试后查看参考与解释
I would agree a clear division of labour because two colleagues prepared the same report while nobody checked the delivery date.
用一个行动加because。重复报告与漏查支持明确责任的建议；people should work harder没有回应这两个事实。
2. 按四句话中的顺序提示排列交接方案。这些是建议，不是已经发生的事实。
- Finally, review both updates before sending the proposal on Friday.
- Once those owners are named, ask each person to report back by Thursday.
- First, get on the same page about the shared goal: an accurate proposal by Friday.
- Next, give the price report and the delivery check different owners.
尝试后查看参考与解释
First, get on the same page about the shared goal: an accurate proposal by Friday. → Next, give the price report and the delivery check different owners. → Once those owners are named, ask each person to report back by Thursday. → Finally, review both updates before sending the proposal on Friday.
First确定目标，next分配责任，those owners指回刚指定的负责人，finally用共同核查结束这个顺序。
3. 听后跟读这句话，把明确分工的作用说清楚。
A clear division of labour would prevent that duplication and make each handoff easier to track.
尝试后查看参考与解释
突出clear division of labour和each handoff，在and前稍作停顿。回听检查清晰度，不必逐字模仿某种口音。